The space station acts as a center for scientific studies. Circling the Earth every 90 minutes, The ISS is also an essential platform for testing long-term space travel, helping us learn how the human body adjusts to life in space.

Every space mission has stretched both the limits and the budgets. These bold space missions often come with jaw-dropping costs, showcasing the intricate, large-scale, and groundbreaking essence of these projects.

Top five most expensive space missions

1)International Space Station ($150 billion) – The International Space Station is a joint effort in space exploration involving the USA, Russia, Japan, Europe, and Canada. This total reflects the input from multiple space agencies globally, such as NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, and CSA. The building process lasted more than ten years, starting in 1998 and wrapping up in 2011.

The space station circles about 250 miles above the Earth’s surface and has been home to people since 2000.

As per NASA’s reports, it was constructed for $150 billion and incurs an annual cost of $3 billion which is about a third of NASA’s yearly budget for human spaceflight.

2)Space Shuttle Program  ($113 billion) – NASA’s Space Shuttle program marked the fourth human spaceflight effort by the United States. It utilized reusable spacecraft to transport astronauts and cargo to and from Earth orbit. Throughout its 30 year duration, the program successfully carried out 135 missions, starting with its inaugural launch on April 12, 1981, and wrapping up with its last landing on July 21, 2011.

The five space shuttles – Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour were responsible for launching satellites, contributed significantly to missions like the Hubble Space Telescope, and were key players in the construction of the ISS.

According to NASA’s site, the shuttle program’s total cost was $113.7 billion.

3)The Apollo Program ($25 billion) – The Apollo Program emerged during the Cold War, fueled by US President John F. Kennedy’s commitment to land a man on the Moon, making it one of the most daring missions in human history. The overall estimated expense of the Apollo program was about $25.8 billion.

Apollo was a spacecraft made up of three parts: The command module, service module, and lunar module , as stated on NASA’s website.

From 1961 to 1972, NASA worked on the Saturn V rocket along with a range of spacecraft that successfully transported astronauts to the moon’s surface six times. The highlight of this era was in 1969 when Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin made history by being the first humans to walk on the moon.

4)Hubble Space Telescope ($16 billion)- The Hubble Space Telescope orbits just above the Earth’s atmosphere at about 515 km high. It travels at a speed of 27,000 kph and makes a complete orbit roughly every 95 minutes. Hubble captures clear images not because it’s closer to cosmic objects, but because it operates above the Earth’s atmosphere.

It still runs alongside its successor, the James Webb telescope.

Hubble was launched in 1990, with an estimated cost of 16 billion (adjusted for inflation to 2021 dollars).

5)James Webb Space Telescope ($10 billion) – Constructed for $10 billion, the James Webb Space Telescope is considered the most powerful space observatory. The telescope was launched on Christmas Day in 2021.

The Webb doesn’t circle the Earth; instead, it orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, located at what’s known as the second Lagrange point, or L2.

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